Jacob pearson cramp



(No Model.) J1 P. GRAMP.

' KILN. No. 292.413." l Patented Janv. 22, 18844,.

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.IACOB PEARSON CHAMP, OF FINEDON, COUNTY OF NORTHAMPTON, ENGLAND.

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1 sPnciricA'rIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 292,413, dated January 22, 1854.

Application filed May 1, ISES. (Xo model.) Patented in England June 1, 1830. No.

To all whom it may concern Beit known that I, JACOB PEARsoN GRAMP, a citizen of Great Britain, residing at Finedon,

in the county of Northampton, England, havev invented certain new and useful Improve- Y .ments in Kilns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable oththat the heat can be readily applied orY removed, or its direction altered, `as desired, and great economy is effected.

rIhe accompanying drawings are an illustration of my invention, in which Figure l is a longitudinal section of a kiln and of the lues and chambers in connection with it.- c Fig. 2 is a front view, partly in section, cfa set of similar kilns: and Fig. 3 is a plan of the same, partly in section, and showing the position of the drying-doors.

Similar letters and Iigures refer to similar parts throughout the several drawings.

c is the body of the kiln, b and c being its front and back, provided with openings or doorways, as shown in Fig. 2.

d is the iioor of the kiln, beneath which are arranged two fire-places, @and f, or chambers in which gas can be burned, transverse openings g g g g being made through the door d into the body of the kiln a. These openings are shown in Fig. 3, varying insize. In lthe arched roof h of the kiln,openings-are also made at fi t, communicating through the passages 7c k with the longitudinal flue or chamber Z, an opening at the top lof which communicates at m with the transverse flue or chamber n, which is in similar communication with all the other kilns in the set. The front ends of the fire-places, or the continuation of them under the floor, communicate through the openings o with the transverse ilue p, which is provided with dampers r between each kiln, and the flue p itself commu- 0 unf) nicates through the openings s, also provided with dampers t, with the flue c; The'latter flue, o, is shown communicating with a series of passages or channels, w, which pass under the door of the drying-shed, and they eventually lead into the iiue y, which passes .to the chimney Le; or the flue c may pass directly to the chimney e. In the sides ofthe fire-places, openings or air-passages 1 1 yll l are made, passing into longitudinal chambers 2 2 2 2, the front ends of which communicate by the descendingpassages 3 3 3 3, provided with dampers at 4, with the transverse lower connecting chamber or iiue, 5, which .thus connects together all the-chambers orpassages 2 at Vthe sides of the nre-places. Both the lire-places themselves and the ash-pits below them can be closed,.when desired, by doors, as shown at A B. Openings or passages above the kilns are shown at 6 6 6, by which access can be had, when desired, to the movable covers 7 v7 and movable stops or plates 8 8 in the passages k,-bywhich the communication between the kilns and the longitudinal iiues Z canv be cut off and regulated. Pyrometers for-'ascertaining the heat of the kiln may be introduced through the covers 7 or through suitable openings in other parts 'of the kilns.

It will be seen that by means of the transverse'ilue a and the passages Z 7c and plates 7 and stops 8 connected with it, the upper part of any one of the kilns can be connected with or cut off from the upper part of any or all of the other kilns, as desired, and by means of 85 the lateral openings, 1 l 1, iiues2, descending n passages 3, dampers 4, and lower transverse chamber, 5, the interior of any one of the kilns chimney z, can be made to pass through any or all ofthe nre-places by means of the dampers r and t. Y K

The action of the apparatus constructed and arranged as described is as follows: One or 'more of the kilns being filled with bricks, tiles, or other articles which are to be burned,

and the fire under such'kiln being lighted, the heat passes into the kiln through the aper- IOO tures g in its floor, and t-hence from the kiln through the apertures 1l in the roof h into the passage Z, above and into the transverse liue a, .from whence, by a proper regulation and adjustment of the dampers r t, plates S, and doors A B, it maybe made to descend through either of the other kilns into the lire-placebolow, and thence into the iiues p r, leading to the drying-floor and chimney.

Vhen one or more kilns are thorough] heated and the bricks or other articles contained in them sufiieiently burned, cold air may be admitted to them from the openings or passages 6 by removing the plates 7, and the air so adlnitted, after circulating through the kiln and becoming thoroughly heated, may be made to pass down through the openings y in the iloor d of the kilns, and through the passages l, 2, and 3 and the dampers et, into the transverse 'lue 5, and thence up in the same way into one or more of the other kilns, part of its heat being thus utilized bei'ore it is iinally allowed to pass to the dryingiloor and chimneys.

The openings atl 1 between each pair of fire-places may be made entirelyv separate, and each provided with a damper, instead of both communicating with a single passage and damper, as shown.

By means of the method of arrangement described and shown, any one of the kilns may be worked independently of the other kilns, or anytwo or more of the kilns maybe worked in connection, the several flues, passages, and dampers enabling the course through which the heated air and gases travel to be varied, modified, and regulated, as desired, to suit conditions and circumstances varying from time to time.

Having now described my inventiomwhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

l. The combination, in the kilns, of the fireplaces candf and the openings g in the loor d with the openings z' in the roof h, the passages k lf, the longitudinal lue Z above the roof, and the transverse ilue n above the flue l, communicating with all the kilns, substantially as set forth and shown.

2. The combination of the passages k 7c and the longitudinal lue Z above the roof with the openings G, the covers 7, and the stops or plates 8, by which the communication between the kiln a and the fiues l and n can be cutoff and regulated, substantially as set forth and shown.

8. The combination, in the kilns, of the openings l l l l in the sides of the ire-plaees c and f, the longitudinal chambers 2 2 2 2, the descending passages 3 3 3 3, the dampers 4, the transverse lower flue, 5, and the doors A B, substantially as set forth and shown, and for the purposes specified.

et. In combination with the kilns a and the fire-places c and f, the openings o, transverse iiuep, dampers r, openings s, dampers t, and flue fv, by which communication with the chimney may be made directly from each fire-place, or through any or all of the other lire-places and kilns, substantially as set forth and speci- 1 iied.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB lEARSOX CRAM P, llitnesses:

EDMUXD EDwaRns, ARTHUR E. EnwARDs. 

